1. 通配符匹配模式

Topic Exchange-将路由键和某模式进行匹配。此时队列儒要绑定要一个模式上符号"#"匹配一个或多个词，符号"*"匹配不多不少一个词。因此"audit.#"能够匹配到 "audit.irs.corporate"，但是“audit.”只会匹配到"audit.irs"。下面一张不错的图，来表明topic交换机定如何工作的：

 

2. 生产者

public class Send {

    private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "test_exchange_topic";

    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
        // 获取到连接以及mq通道
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        // 声明exchange
        channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "topic");
        // 消息内容
        String message = "Hello World!";
        channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, "key.1.1", null, message.getBytes());
        System.out.println(" [x] Sent '" + message + "'");
        // 关闭连接
        channel.close();
        connection.close();
    }
}

3. 消费者1

public class Recv {

    private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "test_queue_topic_work";

    private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "test_exchange_topic";

    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
        // 获取到连接以及mq通道
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        // 声明队列
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
        // 绑定队列到交换机
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "key.#");
        // 同一时刻服务器只会发一条消息给消费者
        channel.basicQos(1);
        // 定义队列的消费者
        QueueingConsumer consumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel);
        // 监听队列，手动返回完成
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, false, consumer);
        // 获取消息
        while (true) {
            QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = consumer.nextDelivery();
            String message = new String(delivery.getBody());
            System.out.println(" [x] Received '" + message + "'");
            Thread.sleep(10);
            // 返回确认状态
            channel.basicAck(delivery.getEnvelope().getDeliveryTag(), false);
        }
    }
}

4. 消费者2

public class Recv2 {

    private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "test_queue_topic_work2";

    private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "test_exchange_topic";

    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
        // 获取到连接以及mq通道
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        // 声明队列
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
        // 绑定队列到交换机
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "*.*.1");
        // 同一时刻服务器只会发一条消息给消费者
        channel.basicQos(1);
        // 定义队列的消费者
        QueueingConsumer consumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel);
        // 监听队列，手动返回完成
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, false, consumer);
        // 获取消息
        while (true) {
            QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = consumer.nextDelivery();
            String message = new String(delivery.getBody());
            System.out.println(" [x] Received '" + message + "'");
            Thread.sleep(10);
            // 返回确认状态
            channel.basicAck(delivery.getEnvelope().getDeliveryTag(), false);
        }
    }
}

5. 测试 

 消费者根据绑定关系中的key规则来接受不同的消息。