生成数据

import pandas as pd

df: pd.DataFrame = pd.DataFrame([
    [1, 4.2],
    [70, 0.03],
    [5, 0]
], columns=['one', 'two'])

	one	two
0	1	4.2
1	70	0.03
2	5	0

最大值对应的index

print(df.idxmax())

one    1
two    0
dtype: int64

最小值对应的index

print(df.idxmin())

one    0
two    2
dtype: int64