项目结构

写在了src下的xml文件夹下

依赖包

dom4j 意思是 dom for java
我这里由于是测试，没有使用maven来管理依赖，因此我下载后存入了文件夹并add as library添加到了项目的依赖库中

xml内容

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<persons>
    <person id="1">
        <name>张三</name>
        <age>18</age>
    </person>

    <person id="2">
        <name>李四</name>
        <age>20</age>
    </person>
</persons>

读取代码

import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;

import java.io.*;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * 使用dom4j解析xml
 */
public class ParseXMLDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, DocumentException {
        SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
        //打印下文件内容确保文件在
        InputStream inputStream = ClassLoader.getSystemResourceAsStream("xml\\student.xml");
        System.out.println("文件内容读取测试");
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
        String line = null;
        while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null){
            System.out.println(line);
        }
        //关闭流
        inputStream.close();
        bufferedReader.close();

        System.out.println("\n\n");


        System.out.println("xml读取测试");
        InputStream is = ClassLoader.getSystemResourceAsStream("xml\\student.xml");
        //读取整个文档
        Document document = reader.read(is);
        //拿根元素
        Element rootElement = document.getRootElement();
        List<Element> elements = rootElement.elements();
        for (Element element : elements){
            String tagName = element.getName();
            String id = element.attribute("id").getValue();
            System.out.println("标签名字："+tagName+" id= "+ id);
            if (tagName.equals("person")){
                //继续读取名字和年龄
                List<Element> list = element.elements();
                for (Element element1 : list){
                    System.out.println(element1.getName()+"："+element1.getText());
                }
            }
        }

        //最后关闭流
        is.close();
    }
}

代码运行结果