每个代码段都去写 try catch 当然不可取，因为总会有疏漏的地方吧，如果有些遗留，那么很容易造成 bug 无迹可循，甚至有时候看windows日志也看不到痕迹，现在就考虑做一个统一处理异常并捕获的地方

建立一个类，ExceptionHandlingMiddleware 作为异常处理的中间件

    public class ExceptionHandlingMiddleware
    {
        private readonly RequestDelegate _next;
        private readonly ILogger<ExceptionHandlingMiddleware> _logger;

        public ExceptionHandlingMiddleware(
            RequestDelegate next,
            ILogger<ExceptionHandlingMiddleware> logger)
        {
            _next = next;
            _logger = logger;
        }

        public async Task InvokeAsync(HttpContext context)
        {
            try
            {
                await _next(context);
            }
            catch (Exception exception)
            {
                _logger.LogError(
                    exception, "Exception occurred: {Message}", exception.Message);

                var problemDetails = new ProblemDetails
                {
                    Status = StatusCodes.Status500InternalServerError,
                    Title = "Server Error",
                    Detail = exception.Message
                };

                context.Response.StatusCode =
                    StatusCodes.Status500InternalServerError;

                await context.Response.WriteAsJsonAsync(problemDetails);
            }
        }
    }

在 program.cs 里注册这个中间件

var app = builder.Build();
app.UseMiddleware<ExceptionHandlingMiddleware>();