Centos7双网卡绑定-天翼云

（一）简述 1.双网卡绑定技术在centos7中使用了teaming技术，而在rhel6/centos7中使用的是bonding技术，在centos7中双网卡绑定既能使用teaming也可以使用bonding，这里推荐使用teaming技术，方便与查看和监控。

原理这里介绍两种最常见的双网卡绑定模式：（1） roundrobin - 轮询模式所有链路处于负载均衡状态，这种模式的特点增加了带宽，同时支持容错能力。（2） activebackup - 主备模式一个网卡处于活动状态，另一个处于备份状态，所有流量都在主链路上处理，当活动网卡down掉时，启用备份网卡。 3.查看服务器的相关信息：

	[root@localhost ~]# nmcli dev
DEVICE  TYPE      STATE        CONNECTION  
em1     ethernet  connected   -- 
em2     ethernet  connected    --    
em3     ethernet  unavailable  --          
em4     ethernet  unavailable  --          
lo      loopback  unmanaged    --  					
[root@localhost ~]# ip a           
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: em1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq master team0 state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 36:3c:c4:19:d0:ef brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: em2: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq master team0 state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 36:3c:c4:19:d0:ef brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: em3: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state DOWN qlen 1000
    link/ether 24:6e:96:a2:dd:ae brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
5: em4: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state DOWN qlen 1000
    link/ether 24:6e:96:a2:dd:af brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
18: team0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 36:3c:c4:19:d0:ef brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.128.105.156/24 brd 10.128.105.255 scope global team0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::718:e575:f031:47d4/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

###########其中state UP 为网卡有网线或启用的网口，有上边的参数可知，em1和em2有网线接口，其他的网口没有。lo为本地回环网卡

（二）Roundrobin（轮询）安装步骤 1，查看网卡的连接信息：nmcli con sh

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh
NAME         UUID                                  TYPE            DEVICE  
em1          4c8a8aee-327b-4f29-9ec4-ea2b2551420b  802-3-ethernet  --     
em2          62bde3ef-9f40-42aa-9b3a-4fe8b1aabf42  802-3-ethernet  --     
em3          56ef9d05-3a5d-4cd6-af5b-3d39adce619f  802-3-ethernet  --     
em4          761f7809-d10c-4e3b-bc06-c0906ca55d1c  802-3-ethernet  --

2，删除无用的网卡：nmcli con del em3

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con del em3
Connection 'em3' (56ef9d05-3a5d-4cd6-af5b-3d39adce619f) successfully deleted.
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh
NAME         UUID                                  TYPE            DEVICE  
em1          4c8a8aee-327b-4f29-9ec4-ea2b2551420b  802-3-ethernet  --     
em2          62bde3ef-9f40-42aa-9b3a-4fe8b1aabf42  802-3-ethernet  --     
em4          761f7809-d10c-4e3b-bc06-c0906ca55d1c  802-3-ethernet  --

3，# 使用nmcli命令操作，创建team接口team0，同时设置teaming模式为roundrobin

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team con-name team0 ifname team0 config '{"runner":{"name": "roundrobin"}}'
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh
NAME         UUID                                  TYPE            DEVICE 
team0        5a1976d7-2c91-456e-8dda-0b12c6ef0c04  team            team0  
em1          4c8a8aee-327b-4f29-9ec4-ea2b2551420b  802-3-ethernet  --     
em2          62bde3ef-9f40-42aa-9b3a-4fe8b1aabf42  802-3-ethernet  --     
em4          761f7809-d10c-4e3b-bc06-c0906ca55d1c  802-3-ethernet  --

4，给接口team0设置ip地址和网关，并取消手动模式：

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con modify team0 ipv4.address '10.128.105.157/24' ipv4.gateway '10.128.105.254' 
###设置为手动模式，取消DHCP
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con modify team0 ipv4.method manual

5，使用ifup team0 启用team0网卡，然后重启网络服务。

[root@localhost ~]# ifup team0
[root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/network restart
Restarting network (via systemctl):                        [  OK  ]
[root@localhost ~]# ip a |grep team0
2: em1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq master team0 state UP qlen 1000
10: team0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP qlen 1000
    inet 10.128.105.157/24 brd 10.128.105.255 scope global team0

6，再次将两张物理网卡添加到team

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-port2 ifname em1 master team0
Connection 'team0-port2' (e01c37f5-b3a1-4e6d-96ab-a6e676ad3c32) successfully added.
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-port2 ifname em2 master team0
Connection 'team0-port2' (8b13a9de-d64c-44fc-a86d-ea45d2f511cf) successfully added.
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh
NAME         UUID                                  TYPE            DEVICE 
team0        64b123d5-189d-43b0-a850-77d47c0da86c  team            team0  
team0-port1  24181898-bffe-4ae1-90e8-f47da64b5512  802-3-ethernet  em1    
team0-port2  8b13a9de-d64c-44fc-a86d-ea45d2f511cf  802-3-ethernet  em2    
em1          4c8a8aee-327b-4f29-9ec4-ea2b2551420b  802-3-ethernet  --     
em2          62bde3ef-9f40-42aa-9b3a-4fe8b1aabf42  802-3-ethernet  --     
em4          761f7809-d10c-4e3b-bc06-c0906ca55d1c  802-3-ethernet  --

7，现在查看team0的状态模式是否是roundrobin。teamdctl team0 st

[root@localhost ~]# teamdctl team0 st
setup:
  runner: roundrobin
ports:
  em1
    link watches:
      link summary: up
      instance[link_watch_0]:
        name: ethtool
        link: up
        down count: 0
  em2
    link watches:
      link summary: up
      instance[link_watch_0]:
        name: ethtool
        link: up
        down count: 0

这样，team模式的roundrobin搭建成功。

8，测试是否正常工作 8.1，首先把em1网卡禁用，用其他的服务器ping看是否断。

[root@localhost etc]# ifdown em1
Device 'em1' successfully disconnected.
[root@localhost etc]# nmcli con sh
NAME         UUID                                  TYPE            DEVICE 
team0        64b123d5-189d-43b0-a850-77d47c0da86c  team            team0  
team0-port2  8b13a9de-d64c-44fc-a86d-ea45d2f511cf  802-3-ethernet  em2    
em1          4c8a8aee-327b-4f29-9ec4-ea2b2551420b  802-3-ethernet  --     
em2          62bde3ef-9f40-42aa-9b3a-4fe8b1aabf42  802-3-ethernet  --     
em4          761f7809-d10c-4e3b-bc06-c0906ca55d1c  802-3-ethernet  --     
team0-port1  24181898-bffe-4ae1-90e8-f47da64b5512  802-3-ethernet  -- 
[root@localhost ~]# teamdctl team0 st
setup:
  runner: roundrobin
ports:
  em2
    link watches:
      link summary: up
      instance[link_watch_0]:
        name: ethtool
        link: up
        down count: 0

Centos7双网卡绑定从上图看出实在正常的。

8.2,把网卡em1启用，em2禁用查看下下

[root@localhost etc]# ifup em1
[root@localhost etc]# nmcli con sh
NAME         UUID                                  TYPE            DEVICE 
team0        64b123d5-189d-43b0-a850-77d47c0da86c  team            team0  
team0-port1  24181898-bffe-4ae1-90e8-f47da64b5512  802-3-ethernet  em1    
team0-port2  8b13a9de-d64c-44fc-a86d-ea45d2f511cf  802-3-ethernet  em2    
em1          4c8a8aee-327b-4f29-9ec4-ea2b2551420b  802-3-ethernet  --     
em2          62bde3ef-9f40-42aa-9b3a-4fe8b1aabf42  802-3-ethernet  --     
em4          761f7809-d10c-4e3b-bc06-c0906ca55d1c  802-3-ethernet  --     
[root@localhost etc]# ifdown em2
Device 'em2' successfully disconnected.
[root@localhost etc]# nmcli con sh
NAME         UUID                                  TYPE            DEVICE 
team0        64b123d5-189d-43b0-a850-77d47c0da86c  team            team0  
team0-port1  24181898-bffe-4ae1-90e8-f47da64b5512  802-3-ethernet  em1    
em1          4c8a8aee-327b-4f29-9ec4-ea2b2551420b  802-3-ethernet  --     
em2          62bde3ef-9f40-42aa-9b3a-4fe8b1aabf42  802-3-ethernet  --     
em4          761f7809-d10c-4e3b-bc06-c0906ca55d1c  802-3-ethernet  --     
team0-port2  8b13a9de-d64c-44fc-a86d-ea45d2f511cf  802-3-ethernet  --

网卡流量em2没变，而em1变化了。 Centos7双网卡绑定

（三）双网卡绑定activebackup的实现具体的大概步骤和上边差不多，省略如下：（首先删除刚才绑定的网卡模式轮询：nmcli con del team0 team0-port1 team0-port2）

1，添加逻辑网卡team0，并启用activebackup模式 [root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team con-name team0 ifname team0 config '{"runner":{"name":"activebackup"}}'

2，绑定ip

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con modify team0 ipv4.address 10.128.105.157/24  ipv4.gateway 10.128.105.254
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con modify team0 ipv4.method manual

3，添加物理网卡到activebackup模式

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-port1 ifname em1 master team0
Connection 'team0-port1' (24181898-bffe-4ae1-90e8-f47da64b5512) successfully added.
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-port2 ifname em2 master team0
Connection 'team0-port2' (8b13a9de-d64c-44fc-a86d-ea45d2f511cf) successfully added.

4,查看状态

[root@localhost ~]# teamdctl team0 st
setup:
 runner: activebackup
ports:
 em1
  link watches:
   link summary: up
   instance[link_watch_0]:
    name: ethtool
    link: up
    down count: 0
 em2
  link watches:
   link summary: up
   instance[link_watch_0]:
    name: ethtool
    link: up
    down count: 0
runner:
 active port: em1

成功，处于活动中的网卡为 eno33554984

备注：注意在做网卡绑定的时候，如果发现物理网卡总是无法绑定到team0，请检查该物理网卡是否处于up状态。还有就是主备模式在切换的过程中会有间隔，会丢几个包。

重要：命令简述二，双网卡绑定round_bin 双网卡轮询 1.# 查看物理网卡信息 [root@localhost ~]# nmcli dev 2. # 查看网卡连接信息 [root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh 3.# 首先，删除两个无用的有线连接 [root@localhost ~]# nmcli con del 4. # 最后，查看下 [root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh

5.# 使用nmcli命令操作，创建team接口team0，同时设置teaming模式为roundrobin [root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team con-name team0 ifname team0 config '{"runner":{"name": "roundrobin"}}' 6. # 给接口team0设置ip地址 [root@localhost ~]# nmcli con modify team0 ipv4.address '10.0.0.2/24' ipv4.gateway '10.0.0.1' ####### 设置为手动模式，取消DHCP [root@localhost ~]# nmcli con modify team0 ipv4.method manual

使用ifup 启动team0并没有成功，继续排查

[root@localhost ~]# ifup team0 (关闭网卡em1命令：ifdown em1 ) [root@localhost ~]# ip a | grep team0 8 # 再次将两张物理网卡添加到team [root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-port1 ifname em1 master team0 Connection 'team0-port1' (0331ea43-95c0-4106-b388-8484d4c3940d) successfully added. [root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-port2 ifname em2 master team0

9# 现在查看team0的状态就出现了，模式是：roundrobin [root@localhost ~]# teamdctl team0 st

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使用ifup 启动team0并没有成功，继续排查

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