StringBuffer类的定义——重点final
,说明很多性质和String
类似不可变
继承自AbstractStringBuilder
public final class StringBuffer
extends AbstractStringBuilder
implements java.io.Serializable, CharSequence
{……
无参构造函数,潜台词默认初始容量为16
/**
* Constructs a string buffer with no characters in it and an
* initial capacity of 16 characters.
*/
public StringBuffer() {
super(16);
}
指定大小的构造函数
/**
* Constructs a string buffer with no characters in it and
* the specified initial capacity.
*
* @param capacity the initial capacity.
* @exception NegativeArraySizeException if the {@code capacity}
* argument is less than {@code 0}.
*/
public StringBuffer(int capacity) {
super(capacity);
}
super(capacity)的实现,底层是char数组
/**
* Creates an AbstractStringBuilder of the specified capacity.
*/
AbstractStringBuilder(int capacity) {
value = new char[capacity];
}
指定字符串的构造函数,潜台词:容量为串的长度+16
/**
* Constructs a string buffer initialized to the contents of the
* specified string. The initial capacity of the string buffer is
* {@code 16} plus the length of the string argument.
*
* @param str the initial contents of the buffer.
*/
public StringBuffer(String str) {
super(str.length() + 16);
append(str);
}
append方法
@Override
public synchronized StringBuffer append(String str) {
toStringCache = null;
super.append(str);
return this;
}
重点synchronized
:线程安全的,实际实现还是要看父类
父类的实现:
/**
* Appends the specified string to this character sequence.
* <p>
* The characters of the {@code String} argument are appended, in
* order, increasing the length of this sequence by the length of the
* argument. If {@code str} is {@code null}, then the four
* characters {@code "null"} are appended.
* <p>
* Let <i>n</i> be the length of this character sequence just prior to
* execution of the {@code append} method. Then the character at
* index <i>k</i> in the new character sequence is equal to the character
* at index <i>k</i> in the old character sequence, if <i>k</i> is less
* than <i>n</i>; otherwise, it is equal to the character at index
* <i>k-n</i> in the argument {@code str}.
*
* @param str a string.
* @return a reference to this object.
*/
public AbstractStringBuilder append(String str) {
if (str == null)
return appendNull();
int len = str.length();
ensureCapacityInternal(count + len);
str.getChars(0, len, value, count);// 从0开始,到当前数组长度,进行拷贝
count += len;
return this;
}
分析ensureCapacityInternal(count + len);
目的是为了确保容量至少等于指定的最小值
/**
* For positive values of {@code minimumCapacity}, this method
* behaves like {@code ensureCapacity}, however it is never
* synchronized.
* If {@code minimumCapacity} is non positive due to numeric
* overflow, this method throws {@code OutOfMemoryError}.
*/
private void ensureCapacityInternal(int minimumCapacity) {
// overflow-conscious code
if (minimumCapacity - value.length > 0) {
value = Arrays.copyOf(value,
newCapacity(minimumCapacity));
}
}
再看StringBuilder,几乎一样,不同处是append方法,没有采取同步措施
@Override
public StringBuilder append(String str) {
super.append(str);
return this;
}
总结:StringBuilder/StringBuffer均继承自AbstractStringBuilder,大多底层方法均由AbstractStringBuilder实现,默认容量均为16
不同之处在于:StringBuffer线程安全,而StringBuilder线程不安全