一、商品数据库表设计
1.1 SPU和SKU
在电商中对于商品,有两个重要的概念:SPU和SKU
1. SPU介绍 【即为商品的一个概述,一种商品的统称】
- SPU = Standard Product Unit (标准产品单位)
- SPU是商品信息聚合的最小单位,是一组可服用、易检索的标准化信息的集合,该集合描述了一个产品的特性。
- 通俗的讲,属性值、特性相同的商品就可以归类到一类SPU。
- 例如:
iPhone X
就是一个SPU,与商家、颜色、款式、规格、套餐等都无关。
2. SKU介绍 【即为商品的一个详细信息】
- SKU = Stock Keeping Unit (库存量单位)
- SKU即库存进出计量的单位,可以是以件、盒等为单位,是物理上不可分割的最小存货单元。
- 通俗的讲,SKU是指一款商品,每款都有一个SKU,便于电商品牌识别商品。
- 例如:
iPhone X 全网通 黑色 256G
就是一个SKU,表示了具体的规格、颜色等信息。
思考
SPU和SKU是怎样的对应关系?
- 一对一?
- 一对多?
1.2 首页广告数据库表分析
1. 首页广告数据库表分析
一对多,FK简称外键
2. 定义首页广告模型类
apps.contents.models.py
from django.db import models
from meiduo_mall.utils.models import BaseModel
# Create your models here.
class ContentCategory(BaseModel):
"""广告内容类别"""
name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name='名称')
key = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name='类别键名')
class Meta:
db_table = 'tb_content_category'
verbose_name = '广告内容类别'
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
def __str__(self):
return
class Content(BaseModel):
"""广告内容"""
category = models.ForeignKey(ContentCategory, on_delete=models.PROTECT, verbose_name='类别')
title = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name='标题')
url = models.CharField(max_length=300, verbose_name='内容链接')
image = models.ImageField(null=True, blank=True, verbose_name='图片')
text = models.TextField(null=True, blank=True, verbose_name='内容')
sequence = models.IntegerField(verbose_name='排序')
status = models.BooleanField(default=True, verbose_name='是否展示')
class Meta:
db_table = 'tb_content'
verbose_name = '广告内容'
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
def __str__(self):
return + ': ' + self.title
迁移数据库:
1.3 商品信息数据库表分析
1. 商品信息数据库表分析
2. 定义商品信息模型类
新建子应用goods
在数据库迁移之前必须要注册子应用。
goods.models.py
from django.db import models
from meiduo_mall.utils.models import BaseModel
# Create your models here.
class GoodsCategory(BaseModel):
"""商品类别"""
name = models.CharField(max_length=10, verbose_name='名称')
parent = models.ForeignKey('self', related_name='subs', null=True, blank=True, on_delete=models.CASCADE, verbose_name='父类别')
class Meta:
db_table = 'tb_goods_category'
verbose_name = '商品类别'
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
def __str__(self):
return
class GoodsChannelGroup(BaseModel):
"""商品频道组"""
name = models.CharField(max_length=20, verbose_name='频道组名')
class Meta:
db_table = 'tb_channel_group'
verbose_name = '商品频道组'
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
def __str__(self):
return
class GoodsChannel(BaseModel):
"""商品频道"""
group = models.ForeignKey(GoodsChannelGroup, verbose_name='频道组名')
category = models.ForeignKey(GoodsCategory, on_delete=models.CASCADE, verbose_name='顶级商品类别')
url = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name='频道页面链接')
sequence = models.IntegerField(verbose_name='组内顺序')
class Meta:
db_table = 'tb_goods_channel'
verbose_name = '商品频道'
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
def __str__(self):
return
class Brand(BaseModel):
"""品牌"""
name = models.CharField(max_length=20, verbose_name='名称')
logo = models.ImageField(verbose_name='Logo图片')
first_letter = models.CharField(max_length=1, verbose_name='品牌首字母')
class Meta:
db_table = 'tb_brand'
verbose_name = '品牌'
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
def __str__(self):
return
class SPU(BaseModel):
"""商品SPU"""
name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name='名称')
brand = models.ForeignKey(Brand, on_delete=models.PROTECT, verbose_name='品牌')
category1 = models.ForeignKey(GoodsCategory, on_delete=models.PROTECT, related_name='cat1_spu', verbose_name='一级类别')
category2 = models.ForeignKey(GoodsCategory, on_delete=models.PROTECT, related_name='cat2_spu', verbose_name='二级类别')
category3 = models.ForeignKey(GoodsCategory, on_delete=models.PROTECT, related_name='cat3_spu', verbose_name='三级类别')
sales = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='销量')
comments = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='评价数')
desc_detail = models.TextField(default='', verbose_name='详细介绍')
desc_pack = models.TextField(default='', verbose_name='包装信息')
desc_service = models.TextField(default='', verbose_name='售后服务')
class Meta:
db_table = 'tb_spu'
verbose_name = '商品SPU'
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
def __str__(self):
return
class SKU(BaseModel):
"""商品SKU"""
name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name='名称')
caption = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name='副标题')
spu = models.ForeignKey(SPU, on_delete=models.CASCADE, verbose_name='商品')
category = models.ForeignKey(GoodsCategory, on_delete=models.PROTECT, verbose_name='从属类别')
price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=10, decimal_places=2, verbose_name='单价')
cost_price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=10, decimal_places=2, verbose_name='进价')
market_price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=10, decimal_places=2, verbose_name='市场价')
stock = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='库存')
sales = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='销量')
comments = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='评价数')
is_launched = models.BooleanField(default=True, verbose_name='是否上架销售')
default_image_url = models.CharField(max_length=200, default='', null=True, blank=True, verbose_name='默认图片')
class Meta:
db_table = 'tb_sku'
verbose_name = '商品SKU'
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
def __str__(self):
return '%s: %s' % (self.id, )
class SKUImage(BaseModel):
"""SKU图片"""
sku = models.ForeignKey(SKU, on_delete=models.CASCADE, verbose_name='sku')
image = models.ImageField(verbose_name='图片')
class Meta:
db_table = 'tb_sku_image'
verbose_name = 'SKU图片'
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
def __str__(self):
return '%s %s' % (, self.id)
class SPUSpecification(BaseModel):
"""商品SPU规格"""
spu = models.ForeignKey(SPU, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='specs', verbose_name='商品SPU')
name = models.CharField(max_length=20, verbose_name='规格名称')
class Meta:
db_table = 'tb_spu_specification'
verbose_name = '商品SPU规格'
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
def __str__(self):
return '%s: %s' % (, )
class SpecificationOption(BaseModel):
"""规格选项"""
spec = models.ForeignKey(SPUSpecification, related_name='options', on_delete=models.CASCADE, verbose_name='规格')
value = models.CharField(max_length=20, verbose_name='选项值')
class Meta:
db_table = 'tb_specification_option'
verbose_name = '规格选项'
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
def __str__(self):
return '%s - %s' % (self.spec, self.value)
class SKUSpecification(BaseModel):
"""SKU具体规格"""
sku = models.ForeignKey(SKU, related_name='specs', on_delete=models.CASCADE, verbose_name='sku')
spec = models.ForeignKey(SPUSpecification, on_delete=models.PROTECT, verbose_name='规格名称')
option = models.ForeignKey(SpecificationOption, on_delete=models.PROTECT, verbose_name='规格值')
class Meta:
db_table = 'tb_sku_specification'
verbose_name = 'SKU规格'
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
def __str__(self):
return '%s: %s - %s' % (self.sku, , self.option.value)
数据库迁移: