字符串
String
String是一个final修饰的不可变类,,其属性也是final的,底层使用char数组存储。
字符串拥有字符串常量池,对于String s = new String(“xyz”);
如果之前没有用过xyz的话,需要创建两个对象,一个是new String创建的对象,一个是常量xyz对象的内容创建的对象(常量池中一个,堆中一个)
public static void main(String[] args) {
String s = new String("zxc");
}
public static void main(java.lang.String[]);
Code:
0: new #2 // class java/lang/String
3: dup
4: ldc #3 // String zxc
6: invokespecial #4 // Method java/lang/String."<init>":(Ljava/lang/String;)V
9: astore_1
10: return
}
如果之前就存在xyz的话,只需要创建一个对象new String对象
public static void main(String[] args) {
String ss = "zxc";
String s = new String("zxc");
}
public static void main(java.lang.String[]);
Code:
0: ldc #2 // String zxc
2: astore_1
3: new #3 // class java/lang/String
6: dup
7: ldc #2 // String zxc
9: invokespecial #4 // Method java/lang/String."<init>":(Ljava/lang/String;)V
12: astore_2
13: return
}
Process finished with exit code 0
字符串拼接
字符串拼接的字节码,在java8中进行字符串拼接时会编译为StringBuilder。
public class TestString {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String s = null;
for(int i = 0;i<10;i++){
s = s + i;
}
}
}
public class com.zhanghe.study.stream.TestString {
public com.zhanghe.study.stream.TestString();
Code:
0: aload_0
1: invokespecial #1 // Method java/lang/Object."<init>":()V
4: return
public static void main(java.lang.String[]);
Code:
0: aconst_null
1: astore_1
2: iconst_0
3: istore_2
4: iload_2
5: bipush 10
7: if_icmpge 35
10: new #2 // class java/lang/StringBuilder
13: dup
14: invokespecial #3 // Method java/lang/StringBuilder."<init>":()V
17: aload_1
18: invokevirtual #4 // Method java/lang/StringBuilder.append:(Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/StringBuilder;
21: iload_2
22: invokevirtual #5 // Method java/lang/StringBuilder.append:(I)Ljava/lang/StringBuilder;
25: invokevirtual #6 // Method java/lang/StringBuilder.toString:()Ljava/lang/String;
28: astore_1
29: iinc 2, 1
32: goto 4
35: return
}
intern方法
在使用字符串拼接之后生成的字符串如果调用intern()方法,就会返回该字符串所对应的常量池中字符串的地址值
String s1 = "aa";
String s2 = "bb";
String s3 = "aabb";
String s4 = s1+s2;
String s5 = "aa"+"bb";
String s6 = s4.intern();
System.out.println(s3 == s4);// false
System.out.println(s3 == s5);// true
System.out.println(s3 == s6);// true
System.out.println(s4 == s5);// false
System.out.println(s4 == s6);// false
System.out.println(s5 == s6);// true
StringBuilder和StringBuffer
与StringBuffer相比,StringBuilder是线程不安全的,在单线程上操作比StringBuffer性能损耗小。
默认初始值大小为16,如果进行扩容的话,会进行数据内容的赋值,增加性能损耗,如果确定数据大小,可以指定大小