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springboot监控之actuator学习(一)

2024-05-31 09:20:56
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如何使用actuator

那么,我们如何使用actuator呢?要使用springboot的actuator的监控功能,我们需要在应用中引入相关组件spring-boot-starter-actuator,引入该组件依赖后,应用将自动引入审计、健康检查、监控功能。

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>

Actuator的运行原理

只要在应用中引入上述依赖,则应用运行时就会自动开启/actuator/health和/actuator/info这两个endpoint,当然,我们也可以通过配置只使用一个endpoint,如只使用安全检查, 我们则在应用中添加如下配置文件即可

management:
endpoints:
web:
exposure:
include: health

如果我们需要打开所有端点,使用*即可;打开多个时,可以使用,分割各个端点

例如,我们只配置了health时,在启用应用后,查看actuator中正常运行的端点,如/actuator,/actuator/health/{*path},/actuator/health

访问localhost:8080/actuator/health查看展示状态时,我们发现状态为up

如果我们要查看详细的health信息需要配置management.endpoint.health.show-details 的值为always,再次访问localhost:8080/actuator/health时,可以看到显示了所有节点

参考配置 

 endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: health
  endpoint:
    health:
      show-details: always

 

健康检查的范围

我们从网页上查看到Springboot actuator框架自带的 HealthIndicators目前包括:

HealthIndicator 描述
CassandraHealthIndicator Checks for low disk space.
DiskSpaceHealthIndicator Checks that a connection to DataSource can be obtained.
DataSourceHealthIndicator   Checks that an Elasticsearch cluster is up.
ElasticsearchHealthIndicator Checks that an InfluxDB server is up.
InfluxDbHealthIndicator Checks that a JMS broker is up.
JmsHealthIndicator Checks that a mail server is up.
MailHealthIndicatorMongoHealthIndicator Checks that a Mongo database is up.
Neo4jHealthIndicator Checks that a Neo4j server is up.
RabbitHealthIndicator Checks that a Rabbit server is up.
RedisHealthIndicator Checks that a Redis server is up
SolrHealthIndicator   Checks that a Solr server is up.

我们可以使用配置 management.health.defaults.enabled将它们全部禁用掉,也可以使用任意配置management.health.xxxx.enabled某一个禁用掉,
例我们禁用rabbit,再次访问localhost:8080/actuator/health时,可以验证rabbit节点已经没有了
参考配置  
endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: health
  health:
    rabbit:
      enabled: false

下面是内置健康状态类型对应的HTTP状态码列表:

状态 描述
DOWN 服务不可达 (503)
OUT_OF_SERVICE 服务不可达 (503)
UP http status is 200
UNKNOWN http status is 200


 
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